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An abused child is one who is a victim of physical violence, mental cruelty, sexual abuse, heavy negligence having serious consequences on his physical and psychological development.
In France, each year, 75.000 children are victims of ill-treatment, 2 daily deaths are linked to it. Nearly 80% of the maltreating adults were abused themselves.
What are the various types of violence?
Physical violence
Of all the forms of violence, physical violence is the one which is most easily locatable, easier to identify.
The physical ill-treatment is recognized by the traces that it leaves on the child: hematomas or bruises, burns, bites, scratches, fractures…
Heavy negligence
The children must be nourished, need care, hygiene, monitoring and of protection on behalf of the adults and who do not receive or not sufficiently the care essential to their survival and their good being, are victims of ill-treatment. The heavy negligence represent approximately a third of the cases of ill-treatment on children in France.
Psychological violence
The verbal aggressions, the systematic devaluation, the insults, behaviours sadistic and perverse, of the demonstrations of rejection, excessive punishments, humiliations concerning their school level, their appearance, their physics, their intellectual abilities, all that calls into question the wholeness of a child belong to physchologic violence.
Sexual violence
Incest, rape, indecent assault, use of the children to pornographic ends or prostitution are the most frequent ill-treatment in the close family circle but can be imposed by a third (teacher, priest, sect…).
Who are responsible of ill-treatment?
The violence whose is victim the abused child is mainly exerted by a person of its entourage familiar (family members) or adults having the load of the children (teacher, teacher, medical staff, family of reception…). The sects represent also a main risk for the children. All social environments are concerned. Deep a low esteem of oneself, feeling of vacuum, lack of confidence, constitute a common feature.
Risk factors
The educational deficiencies are the first risk factors, come then the conflicts and family separations, the psychopathological problems of the parents (alcohol, drug, health issues…). Unemployment, precariousness, the financial problems, inadequate housing create unfavourable living conditions and also represent a signal of alarm.
What does the law say?
For the professionals, social workers, teachers, doctors, teachers obligations with the professional secrecy must always announce ill treatment with regard to the minors of less than 15 years. The revelation of the secrecy in this case is raised (article 226-14 of the Penal code).
In all the cases, any person being informed of the existence of a child abused or supposed the being must warn the authorities medical, judiciaries or administrative. Not to do it would be to fall under the rule of non assistance to person in danger (article 443-3 of the Penal code).
Word of the children
The abused child is quiet, he protects himself by keeping under silence violence that it undergone. It is necessary to attempt to listen to the word of the child.
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